Place ground beef in a large bowl. Add chopped green onions, minced garlic, allspice, ground thyme, minced scotch bonnet (start small — you can add more later), salt, and black pepper. Gently combine just until ingredients are evenly distributed; do not overwork the meat. Divide into four equal portions and form into patties about 3/4" thick and slightly wider than your buns. Make a slight dimple in the center of each patty with your thumb to reduce doming while cooking.

Cook the patties

Heat a large skillet or griddle over medium-high heat and add 1 tablespoon vegetable oil, spreading to coat. When the oil is shimmering, add patties (work in batches if needed so they aren't crowded). Cook undisturbed for 3-4 minutes until a brown crust forms. Flip and cook 2-4 more minutes for medium (adjust time for desired doneness). During the last minute of cooking, place one provolone slice on each patty and cover the skillet with a lid or a sheet pan to melt the cheese.

Caribbean Salsa

Combine the diced mango, diced pineapple, diced red bell pepper, and red onion in a medium bowl. Add chopped cilantro, fresh lime juice, olive oil, salt, and black pepper. Toss gently to combine. Taste and adjust seasoning — add a pinch more salt or a squeeze more lime if needed. Let the salsa sit for at least 10 minutes at room temperature so the flavors meld; refrigerate if making more than 30 minutes ahead.

Assembly & Serving

Toast the buns: Spread softened butter on the cut sides of the buns. Place them butter-side down on a hot skillet or griddle for 1-2 minutes until lightly golden.

Assemble burgers: Spread mayonnaise (if using) on the bottom bun. Place a lettuce leaf and a tomato slice on the bun, then set the provolone-topped patty on the tomato. Spoon 2–3 tablespoons of the Caribbean salsa over the melted provolone. Add the top bun and serve immediately.

Notes: If you prefer extra heat, add additional minced scotch bonnet to the patties or a thin slice of pepper to each burger. Leftover salsa keeps 2–3 days refrigerated in an airtight container.