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Ingredients
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Pasta
Sauce / Emulsification
Finishing
Method
Pasta
Bring water to boil
Fill a large pot with about 4.5–5 liters (16–18 cups) water. Bring to a rolling boil over high heat. Add 1 tablespoon coarse salt once boiling.
Cook spaghetti
Add 12 oz dried spaghetti and cook until just shy of al dente (about 1–2 minutes less than package instructions). Stir occasionally to prevent sticking. Reserve 1.5 cups of the starchy cooking water, then drain the pasta quickly and transfer to the sauce pan (do not rinse).
Sauce / Emulsification
Melt butter and oil
Add 2 tablespoons unsalted butter and 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil to the pan with the toasted pepper. Melt the butter and combine with the oil over low–medium heat; do not brown the butter.
Emulsify with cheese and water
Reduce heat to low. Gradually sprinkle in the grated Pecorino Romano and Parmigiano-Reggiano while tossing or stirring continuously to distribute the cheese evenly. Add reserved pasta water in small increments (start with 1/2 cup, then 1/4–1/4 cups as needed) while vigorously tossing or stirring to create a creamy emulsion. Use all or part of the reserved 1.5 cups until the sauce is glossy and clings to the pasta; aim for a silky, not watery, consistency. If the sauce becomes too thick or clumpy, add another splash of hot pasta water and continue stirring until smooth.
Adjust seasoning
Taste and adjust seasoning: add a pinch of coarse sea salt only if necessary (Pecorino is salty) and a little extra freshly ground black pepper to taste.
Finishing
Shave or grate truffle
If using a fresh black truffle, gently brush clean and shave thin ribbons over the pasta using a truffle slicer or very sharp knife. If using jarred truffle shavings or oil, add them now (about 1–2 teaspoons oil or 1/2–1 oz shavings) and toss once gently.
Serving suggestion
Serve hot as a simple elegant course. Leftovers can be loosened with a splash of hot water and briefly reheated, but best enjoyed immediately.